SEND 試験問題を無料オンラインアクセス
| 試験コード: | SEND |
| 試験名称: | Endocrinology and Diabetes (Specialty Certificate Examination) |
| 認定資格: | MRCPUK |
| 無料問題数: | 200 |
| 更新日: | 2026-05-27 |
A 60-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus attended for an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. His oral hypoglycaemic medication regimen was metformin 1 g twice daily and gliclazide 160 mg twice daily. His haemoglobin A1c concentration had been 69 mmol/mol (20-42) when checked 2 months previously.
He was admitted on the morning of surgery and was on the morning list. He had fasted from midnight and taken metformin 1 g at 05.00 h.
On examination, he weighed 82 kg.
Investigations (on admission):
serum creatinine64 umol/L (60-110)
fasting plasma glucose18.1 mmol/L (3.0-6.0)
capillary blood ketones0.2 mmol/L (<1)
According to the Joint British Diabetes Societies guideline 'Management of adults with diabetes undergoing surgery and elective procedures', what is the most appropriate next step in management to bring his preoperative glucose into the acceptable range (4.0-12.0 mmol/L)?
A 76-year-old man with a 17-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus attended for his annual review. Comparison of his retinal screening report with the previous year's report showed that his visual acuity was unchanged at 6/9 in both eyes. The previous year's right eye retinal image had been reported as 'pre-proliferative retinopathy', whereas this year's was reported as 'pre-proliferative retinopathy with maculopathy'.
What is the most appropriate next step?
A 56-year-old man attended routine follow-up for treatment of hypogonadism of late onset. His only medication was testosterone undecanoate (1 g intramuscular injection, every 12 weeks). He had started this treatment 12 months previously and last received the injection 1 week before review.
Digital rectal examination was normal.
Investigations (baseline): haemoglobin145 g/L (130-180) haematocrit0.46 (0.40-0.52) serum prostate-specific antigen0.6 ug/L (<4)
Investigations (12 months after treatment):
haemoglobin153 g/L (130-180) haematocrit0.51 (0.40-0.52) serum prostate-specific antigen5.1 ug/L (<4)
What is the most appropriate next step in management?
An 18-year-old woman was referred by her general practitioner for further investigation of "funny turns" during which she developed palpitations, sweating, tremor, hunger, anxiety and paraesthesiae; all of these symptoms were relieved immediately by a sugary drink. She was otherwise well and was not taking any regular medication. There was a family history of type 1 diabetes mellitus. A spontaneous hypoglycaemic episode had not been captured and she was admitted to the diabetes/endocrine ward for a 72-hour fast. Her renal function was normal.
After a 12-hour fast she experienced her typical symptoms. Urinalysis showed no urinary ketones.
Investigations after 12-h fast:
fasting plasma glucose 2.0 mmol/L (3.0-6.0)
plasma insulin56 pmol/L (<21 after hypoglycaemia)
serum C-peptide514 pmol/L (180-360)
What is the most appropriate next step in management?
A 63-year-old woman was incidentally found to have a 3-cm right adrenal mass on a CT scan of abdomen during investigation for abdominal pain. Her medical history included angina, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia. She was taking oestrogen-containing hormone replacement therapy, atenolol, bendroflumethiazide, simvastatin and aspirin.
On examination, her pulse was 60 beats per minute and regular, and her blood pressure was 150/90 mmHg. She was obese with a body mass index of 34 kg/m2 (18-25). Fundoscopy revealed grade II hypertensive retinopathy.
Investigations:
serum sodium137 mmol/L (137-144)
serum potassium3.0 mmol/L (3.5-4.9)
serum creatinine100 umol/L (60-110)
plasma renin activity (after 30 min supine)0.4 pmol/mL/h (1.1-2.7)
plasma aldosterone (after 30 min supine)200 pmol/L (135-400)
overnight dexamethasone suppression test (after 1 mg dexamethasone):
serum cortisol75 nmol/L (<50)
24-h urinary free cortisol140 nmol (55-250)
24-h urinary metanephrine<1 umol (<2)
24-h urinary normetanephrine1 umol (<3)
What is the most likely cause of the hypertension?