SD-WAN (Software-Defined Wide Area Network) is a technology that allows organizations to use multiple, low-cost Internet connections to create a secure and dynamic WAN. SD-WAN can provide benefits such as lower costs, higher performance, and easier management compared to traditional WAN technologies, such as MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching).
However, SD-WAN also introduces some potential risks, such as:
The reliability and security of the Internet connections, which may vary depending on the location, provider, and traffic conditions.
The compatibility and interoperability of the SD-WAN hardware and software, which may come from different vendors or use different standards.
The availability and quality of the SD-WAN provider's support, which may depend on the provider's size, reputation, and outsourcing practices.
In this case, the CISO would most likely identify the risk that the SD-WAN provider uses a third party for support, because this could:
Affect the organization's ability to resolve issues or request changes in a timely and effective manner.
Expose the organization's network data and configuration to unauthorized or malicious parties.
Increase the complexity and uncertainty of the SD-WAN service level agreement (SLA) and contract terms.

Immutable infrastructure through containers ensures that the deployed systems remain consistent and resistant to drift. Any changes require rebuilding and redeploying containers, eliminating configuration inconsistencies. This aligns with CASP+ objective 2.2, which emphasizes implementing scalable, secure system configurations.