A custom summary formula is a formula that calculates values from summary fields in reports such as sum, average, min, max, etc. Custom summary formulas can use functions such as PREVGROUPVAL to compare values from different groups in reports. For example, to calculate the year-over-year change in dollar amount of opportunities, an administrator can create a custom summary formula that uses PREVGROUPVAL to compare the sum of amount from this year's group with the sum of amount from last year's group, and divide it by last year's sum of amount. References: https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=sf.
reports_builder_fields_summary_formulas.htm&type=5 https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=sf.
reports_formulas_prevgroupval.htm&type=5

One of the IDs in the batch referenced a record that was in the recycle bin because deleting records with Bulk API does not delete records permanently but moves them to the recycle bin. Therefore, if a record ID in the batch matches an existing record ID in the recycle bin, an 'entity is deleted' error will occur.

A permission set is a collection of settings and permissions that give users access to various tools and functions in Salesforce. A permission set can be used to extend users' functional access without changing their profiles. You can assign permission sets to individual users or groups of users based on their business needs. In this case, you can create a permission set with Read access to the Government ID field on the custom object and assign it to the Institutional Team users who need access to this field via reports.
References: https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=sf.perm_sets_overview.htm&type=5 https://help.
salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=sf.perm_sets_create.htm&type=5

Three reasons CK should utilize Data Categories when creating articles in Knowledge are:
* Data Categories help organize the Knowledge base content displayed. Data categories are logical groupings of articles that reflect your business needs and processes. You can create a data category group and assign it to one or more article types, and then create data categories and subcategories within that group. Data categories help you organize your articles by topic or criteria and make them easier to find and browse by your users or customers.
* Data Categories provide a way to secure access to the Knowledge base content. Data category visibility is a setting that determines which data categories users can access based on their profiles or permission sets. You can use data category visibility to control access to your articles based on their data categories and ensure that only relevant and appropriate content is displayed to different users or customers.
* A Knowledge article can be tagged to more than one Data Category. A Knowledge article is a document that provides information or answers to common questions or issues. A Knowledge article can be tagged to one or more data categories within each data category group that is assigned to its article type. This allows you to classify your articles by multiple criteria and make them searchable and accessible by different users or customers.

To ensure that sales reps' managers can view records containing customer's credit information but their colleagues cannot, NTO should grant access using hierarchies via the sharing settings. This option allows users above another user in the role hierarchy to have access to records owned by or shared with users below them in the hierarchy. References: https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=sf.admin_sharing.htm&type=5