Explanation
Data profiling is the process of examining data for statistics and information about the data, such as the structure, format, quality, and content of the data. Data profiling can help to understand the characteristics, patterns, relationships, and anomalies of the data, as well as to identify and resolve any errors, inconsistencies, or missing values in the data. Data profiling can be done using various tools and methods, such as spreadsheets, databases, or programming languages12.

C: To confirm important details before dashboard development begins.
A dashboard mockup is a prototype of a finished dashboard directly in the product. It is a way to visualize the layout, design, and functionality of the dashboard before it is built with real data and code. A dashboard mockup can help the analyst to confirm important details with the user, such as the business objectives, the key performance indicators, the data sources, the filters, the charts, and the interactivity. By creating a dashboard mockup, the analyst can get immediate feedback and validation from the user, and avoid wasting time and resources on developing a dashboard that does not meet the user's expectations or needs1.

説明
回答: C. ビジネス上の質問を確認して範囲を理解します。
アナリストがビジネス分析の依頼を受けたときに最初に行うべきステップは、ビジネス上の質問を検討して、問題の範囲、目的、および期待される結果を理解することです。これにより、アナリストは分析アプローチを定義し、データのニーズとソースを特定し、分析プロセスを計画することができます。ビジネス上の質問を検討することで、アナリストは関係者とコミュニケーションを取り、想定や曖昧さを明確にすることができます1。
オプション A は不正解です。分析に必要なデータとソースを決定することは最初のステップではなく、ビジネス上の質問と分析アプローチに応じて後続のステップとなるためです。
オプション B は不正解です。探索的データ分析の分析を開始することは最初のステップではなく、データの調査と要約、パターンと外れ値の特定、仮説のテストを含む分析プロセスの一部です。
オプション D は不正解です。問題を解決するための方法論を確定することは最初のステップではなく、むしろビジネス上の質問に答えるために適切な分析手法、ツール、モデルを選択して適用する後のステップです。

Answer C) Review the business questions to understand the scope.
The first step an analyst should perform upon receiving a business request for analysis is to review the business questions to understand the scope of the problem, the objectives, and the expected outcomes. This will help the analyst to define the analytical approach, identify the data needs and sources, and plan the analysis process. Reviewing the business questions will also help the analyst to communicate with the stakeholders and clarify any assumptions or ambiguities1.
Option A is incorrect, as determining the data needs and sources for analysis is not the first step, but rather a subsequent step that depends on the business questions and the analytical approach.
Option B is incorrect, as initiating the analysis for exploratory data analysis is not the first step, but rather a part of the analysis process that involves examining and summarizing the data, identifying patterns and outliers, and testing hypotheses.
Option D is incorrect, as finalizing the methodology to solve the problem is not the first step, but rather a later step that involves selecting and applying the appropriate analytical techniques, tools, and models to answer the business questions.